The Physics of a Quality Espresso Essay -- Process Physics Essays

The Physics of a Quality Espresso There are many ways to get a good cup of coffee—through perculators, gravity systems, and steeping fresh gounds. However, espresso, which is usually considered a finer beverage, is made by taking about two ounces of espresso grind (ground arabica beans) packed tightly into the head of an espresso machine, and submitting it to high pressured hot water. An espresso machine is designed to force a small amout of water through tightly packed, finely ground coffee. The idea is to pull the best flavored and most consistent espresso from the espresso blend. In order to achieve quality espresso certain physical processes have to take place—namely the passage of pressurized water through the espresso grind, heat transfer, and correct packing of espresso into the head of an espresso machine. Acording to Gourmet Retailer, a monthly publication devoted to gourmet foods and services, the right amount of pressure is required to make a quality espresso: â€Å"To create the perfect crema [espresso], the actual pressure should be between nine and eleven atm (or bar) when the hot water passes through the coffee† (52). Now, the actual pressure capacity of an espresso machine is usually out of the users control, but an explination of the physical concepts may be the first step in defining a quality espresso. In Physics a World View, Larry D. Kirkpatrick and Gereld F. Wheeler write: â€Å"Pressure is the force exerted on a surface divided by the area of the surface—that is, the force per unit area† (171). P = F / A This defeniton applies to gases, liquids, and solids. In the case of pressurized water in an espresso machine, for instance, if the water had thirty newtons of force and the espresso grind had... ...e and bitterness is pulled from the espresso. As I have shown, there are three major physical concepts surrounding a quality espresso. When the espresso machine has the correct pressure quantity (between nine and eleven bar), and the water is hot enough, you can get a quality espresso. But remember, if the barista running the machine has no concept of this, or really hasn’t had a lot of experience making gourmet coffee, then the espresso may not turn out as you like. A good espresso pack in the head of the machine is required for an excellent espresso. Works Cited â€Å"Coffee Centers & Espresso Machines.† Gourmet Retailer Feb. 2003: 52. Schomer, David C. Espresso Coffee: Professional Techniques. New York: Peanut Butter Publishing, 1996. 37. Kirkpatrick, Larry D. and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics a World View. Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. 171. The Physics of a Quality Espresso Essay -- Process Physics Essays The Physics of a Quality Espresso There are many ways to get a good cup of coffee—through perculators, gravity systems, and steeping fresh gounds. However, espresso, which is usually considered a finer beverage, is made by taking about two ounces of espresso grind (ground arabica beans) packed tightly into the head of an espresso machine, and submitting it to high pressured hot water. An espresso machine is designed to force a small amout of water through tightly packed, finely ground coffee. The idea is to pull the best flavored and most consistent espresso from the espresso blend. In order to achieve quality espresso certain physical processes have to take place—namely the passage of pressurized water through the espresso grind, heat transfer, and correct packing of espresso into the head of an espresso machine. Acording to Gourmet Retailer, a monthly publication devoted to gourmet foods and services, the right amount of pressure is required to make a quality espresso: â€Å"To create the perfect crema [espresso], the actual pressure should be between nine and eleven atm (or bar) when the hot water passes through the coffee† (52). Now, the actual pressure capacity of an espresso machine is usually out of the users control, but an explination of the physical concepts may be the first step in defining a quality espresso. In Physics a World View, Larry D. Kirkpatrick and Gereld F. Wheeler write: â€Å"Pressure is the force exerted on a surface divided by the area of the surface—that is, the force per unit area† (171). P = F / A This defeniton applies to gases, liquids, and solids. In the case of pressurized water in an espresso machine, for instance, if the water had thirty newtons of force and the espresso grind had... ...e and bitterness is pulled from the espresso. As I have shown, there are three major physical concepts surrounding a quality espresso. When the espresso machine has the correct pressure quantity (between nine and eleven bar), and the water is hot enough, you can get a quality espresso. But remember, if the barista running the machine has no concept of this, or really hasn’t had a lot of experience making gourmet coffee, then the espresso may not turn out as you like. A good espresso pack in the head of the machine is required for an excellent espresso. Works Cited â€Å"Coffee Centers & Espresso Machines.† Gourmet Retailer Feb. 2003: 52. Schomer, David C. Espresso Coffee: Professional Techniques. New York: Peanut Butter Publishing, 1996. 37. Kirkpatrick, Larry D. and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics a World View. Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. 171.

Poverty In America Essay

Poverty has been on the rise in America, mainly because of the recession and now it is reaching new heights. Even though the government is trying to make more beneficial tax cuts, and find other various solutions, poverty levels continue to rise drastically. But to first find the solution ourselves we must first know what causes poverty and what it is. A simple definition of it is, poverty is the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or finances. Absolute poverty refers to the deprivation of basic human needs, which commonly includes food, water, sanitation, clothing, shelter, health care and education. People living in poverty have a much lower standard of living than those who are better off financially. Most people suffering from this deprivation have lost their homes and have difficulty finding things to eat and clothes to dress themselves with. People with money in this country do not have to worry about simple things such as where they will take a shower in the morning or how to ration the small amount of food they have to feed their whole family the day at hand. People with a substantial amount of money do not have to apply for government assistance such as food stamps or unemployment benefits. These also have things like insurance and healthcare to help them along as problems arise in life. People living in poverty do not get that luxury in insurance which gives them a sense of depreciated of self-worth. Because of this, it may be difficult to present themselves in a professional manner when searching for employment. America considers people who make less than 10,500 dollars a year, are a large part of why we have arrived at this dilemma due to the recent recession that has occurred. A lot of people go to desperate measures to provide food and other basic need for their families. For example many women become victims of trafficking, the most common form of which is prostitution as a means of survival for this economic desperation. Terrible living conditions can often compel children to abandon school in order to contribute to the family income, putting them at risk of being exploited too. This also causes many people that have lost their jobs and are making a fraction of what they are used to making for the job duties they are doing. People now work late past the time they are required to finish their daily task plus other extra work load because their coworker got let go due to the fact that their employer can not afford to pay both of their salaries. These same people now rely on unemployment checks and other government assistance programs to support their families and basic needs. It is estimated that one out of every seven houses have been taken by the banks in the last ten years alone. Because of this, America is seeing an all new kind of poverty. The middle class is slipping from steady ground and down to the bottom. People that used to make a decent living can no longer compete with this new economy. Poverty in today’s society has become a major issue and it affects more people than we think. People are losing jobs and cannot help it. In this economy we live in today it is very hard to make money and provide for our families. These people cannot get all of the help they need because some people are just working the system, so they either get rejected or reject the fact they need because they do not want to categorized with those people. An example, from where I’m from I use to be a cashier at Kroger for two years and so many people on food stamps and the WIC program (Women Infants Children) would come in to buy food and have iPhones and Coach Purses or even keys for Mercedes and if you have any of those thing you do not have your properties in order. This is just not fair for those people that are in dire need for food and using these programs the way they are supposed to be used for. And that is why it’s hard for normal people who work so hard for their money and still do not make enough to provide and the need for a helping hand in food programs such as these. With all this being said, people need to look into the Baptist Faith it is taught that all Christians will go through times of suffering and one of these suffering phases we go through is poverty. Many people now a days seem to be faithful to the church until they become unemployed or fall on hard times financially, and instead of looking to God they tend to blame him. God does not make bad things happen, it is not his plans to harm us but protect from the evil that is causing the suffering. I agree with the Baptist Faith on their view towards poverty. Furthermore, I believe if more people just trusted in God more faithfully and I know it is easier said than done but it would help many peoples walk with the Lord on the right path and further it.

The Function Of The Hair Follicle Stem Cells - 1239 Words

An adult stem cell’s niche is responsible for the preservation of the stem cell’s undifferentiated state through either intrinsic or extrinsic expression of specific proteins. Hair follicle stem cells are responsible for not only its self-renewal but also in the production of rapidly multiplying cells. The stem cells of the hair follicle are for temporary increase in cells, and are created by the differentiation of hair follicle stem cells. The focus of this essay will be to analyze a specific protein within the hair follicle stem cell BMP, bone morphogenetic proteins. Through intrinsic expression, Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are able to function in multi levels and are in charge for the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta). These proteins are crucial for the maintenance and the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells. Bone morphogentic proteins have the ability to affect other molecules that are part of the niche, which boosts or limits particular cell ular functions to the needs of the human body and niche. This paper will discuss two experiments conducted that exhibit the function of BMP. One experiment will examine the results of BMP deletion in genetically modified dermal papilla cells patched onto mice that had no hair. The second scientific experiment will demonstrate the effects of excess and limited quantities of BMP expression in vitro on isolated chick otic vesicles. From these experiments scientists can foresee the future in developing variousShow MoreRelatedLab Report1388 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract: Tissue regeneration through cell differentiation from one cell type to another is a phenomenon occurs in some species of fish and amphibians, however, mammals are incapable of reprogramming one cell lineage to achieve a similar result. Specifically, in human and mouse wound healing procedure normally generate scar with high collagen deposition, regenerated skin which lacks some features such as hair follicle and cutaneous fat. A recent study shows that a large skin wound in a mouse modelRead MoreThe Skin Or Integument System1165 Words   |  5 Pagesintegument system is composed of many different sections and accessories, functions for multiple outlets, and falls at risk of disease everyday. The integument is divided by two main sections, the epidermis and dermis. (Amirlak) The outermost layer of the skin is the epidermis. The epidermis is composed mostly of stratified squamous epithelium, more specifically keratinocytes, which then become multiple layers of dead keratinized cells. (Saladin) The superficial layer of the epidermis is called the stratumRead MoreThe Body And The Outer Environment1218 Words   |  5 Pagesthe key elements of the skin’s structure and functions to provide an in-depth understanding on the skins biology and how to apply this knowledge to the beauty industry. Knowledge of skin structure and promotion of skin health Function and role of the skin 1.1 Explain the Integumentary system The integumentary system covers the whole body and is made up of several layers.The integumentary system consists of the skin and its derivatives including hair, glands, nails and specialised receptors ï  ¶Read MoreReview Questions Integumentary System1217 Words   |  5 Pagesmade up of Stratified Squamous Epithelium. 3. Name and discuss the four cell types found in the epidermis. 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Immediately afterRead MoreThe Importance Of Homeostasis And A State Of Equilibrium Reached Through Physiological Processes1169 Words   |  5 Pagesliving things use cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems to counteract physical changes. Using a variety of different tissues, organs are formed to accomplish specific tasks. The four main types of tissues are epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nervous tissue. Several sublevels exist for each type of tissue. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities. The three main kinds of Epithelial tissue are squamous which is composed of flat cells, cuboidal, whichRead MoreA Research Study On Stem Cell Research Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesStem Cell Research A stem cell is defined as having â€Å"the ability to make specialized cells for various tissues in the body, such as heart muscle, brain tissue, and liver tissue† (umm.edu) Two of the most commonly studied stem cells are adult and embryonic. Adult stem cells are cells that have already became specialized, such as heart or muscle tissue. Embryonic cells on the other hand are still in development. This means that with some modifying, then an embryonic stem cell can develop into almost

Beijing Olympics 2008 - Operations Quality and Performance Free Essay Example, 2500 words

The infrastructure needs of the Olympics have been extensive. In fact, about 37 stadiums and venues (Business Today 2010) had to be developed for hosting the various events of the Olympics. In addition, the emphasis had to be given on the training needs of the athletes. About 59 training centers were built (Business Today 2010) for ensuring that the athletes participated in the Games would have access to advanced training venues. The impressive stadium, Bird s Nest, had reached a cost of $450 million (Business Today 2010). All stadiums, venues, and facilities developed for the Olympics were carefully designed so that they can fully respond to the needs of athletes and the public (Business Today 2010). In this context, as of its quality, the infrastructure used in the Olympics of Beijing can be characterized as excellent (Business Today 2010). The preparation of the Olympics of Beijing has been based on the Beijing Olympic Action Plan. (Beijing 2008, Olympic Games). The specific pl an shows all phases of the relevant project. In this way, the monitoring of the project has become easier. We will write a custom essay sample on Beijing Olympics 2008 - Operations Quality and Performance or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In addition, this plan would prove that the activities that take place in the context of the Olympics are fully aligned with existing laws and ethics. The following issue should be highlighted: The preparation of the Olympics could be considered as aligned with the local and international legal rules and the athletic standards related to such projects. Still, the actual criteria used for deciding on the funds required for these Games could be possible reviewed, as of their alignment with ethics. Investing a quite high amount of funds for preparing and developing an event that could not pay back the investment made cannot be characterized as ethical behavior. In fact, today most of the venues developed for the Beijing Olympics are of no use (Wen 2012). No plan has been announced for the management of these venues in the future, a fact that leads to concerns in regard to the ethical standards used for the preparation of the above Games.

Sylvia Plath Research Paper - 2682 Words

I Have No Wit, I Have No Words, No Tears Sylvia Plath’s life story could be considered tragic as she was monopolized by a severe depression yet expressed her sorrows through enlightening words in her many poems. The death of her father when she was only eight years old commenced her lifelong despondency and insecurities. In the poem â€Å"Daddy†, she speaks of how she never fully understood him and blames him for the emptiness she feels without a father. As time moved on, Plath discovered her writing talent while excelling in school (Harmon). Although a story of hers was welcomed by Seventeen Magazine her senior year of high school and she received two scholarships to attend Smith College in Massachusetts and was accepted to notable†¦show more content†¦In the poem â€Å"Lady Lazarus†, Plath speaks again of her distrust of men. It is also a biblical reference to Lazarus in a negative way as he is referred to as a Nazi, similar to her comparison to her f ather. The need to prove her own sexuality and that of all women in society is common in Plath’s feminist writing. â€Å"But the poet addresses the same societal forces that direct this practice, forces intent on silencing a woman’s ability to articulate her sexual nature† (Stricker). She believes it is unfair that women cannot express their sexuality without being judged in society and she makes out to change that. â€Å"Here the poet refers to the thumb directly as a sexual being. the ‘dirty girl’ of many parents’ nightmares is the daughter who is promiscuous, or maybe a girl-child who simply enjoys sex† (Stricker). Also pertaining to women, she constantly discusses how men assume authority in life and she seeks to change this with her words from the poem â€Å"Lady Lazarus†. â€Å"Out of the ash / I rise with my red hair / and I eat men like air† (Plath). In â€Å"Never Try to Trick Me With a Kiss†, a pessimisti c Plath is utterly disgusted with men as she is finished with being pushed around. Towards the end of her life, she reclaims her voice and the voice of all women with her empowering words. As Sylvia Plath was depressed for the majority of her life, death and suicide permeate herShow MoreRelatedSylvia Plath ´s Three Stages1081 Words   |  4 Pagesmight be? I am he, the creation of Sylvia Plath. I am the persona and the protagonist of the poem, ‘Insomniac’. This poem was written in May 1961, four months after the miscarriage. During this period, Plath was diagnosed with acute insomnia and was pregnant. The elapsed time of this poem is from darkness to daylight respectively to each stanza. It can be said that this period from darkness to daylight is a representation of a long period of time for Sylvia Plath, stretching months. The poem can beRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath Research Paper Title The Bell Jar place[s] [the] turbulent months[of an adolescent’s life] in[to] mature perspective (Hall, 30). In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath uses parallelism, stream of consciousness, the motif of renewal and rebirth, symbolism of the boundary-driven entrapped mentally ill, and auto-biographical details to epitomize the mental downfall of protagonist, Esther Greenwood. Plath also explores the idea of how grave these timeless and poignant issues can affect a fragileRead MoreBook Summary Of The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1528 Words   |  7 Pages Book Summary. The Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath was published in 1963. It is an autobiography that is said by some to correspond to the author’s life. Throughout this research paper, I fully agree that this is an autobiography of Plath’s life, but will get into why further into the paper. With this in mind, the protagonist, Esther Greenwood, travels from Massachusetts to New York as a guest editor for a magazine. Esther loves poetry. Knowing this, Esther is staying with eleven other girls at a hotelRead MoreMutilating Self Into Spirit: Sylvia Plaths Poems.4131 Words   |  17 PagesSylvia Plath’s poems: Translation of the self into spirit, after an ordeal of mutilation. Introduction of the poems and the essay: * â€Å"Daddy† Sylvia Plath uses her poem, â€Å"Daddy†, to express intense emotions towards her father’s life and death and her disastrous relationship with her husband. The speaker in this poem is Sylvia Plath who has lost her father at age ten, at a time when she still adored him unconditionally. Then she gradually realizes the oppressing dominance of her father, andRead MoreAn Evaluation of Nature Poetry in Reference to Plath, Huges and Keats.1876 Words   |  8 Pagesown analysis of my selected poems. The first poet I want to look at is Sylvia Plath (1932-1963). Plaths work intrigues me, as does her life. After losing her farther at the age of eight, she suppressed her inner feelings and instead of reaching out to other people for comfort, she isolated herself with writing as her only expressive outlet. Then remarkably, Sylvia Plath had a poem published when she was only eight. Plath continued prolific writing through high school and won a scholarship to SmithRead MoreA Courage’s Attempt to Take Her Life back in Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Daddy† 1991 Words   |  8 PagesSylvia Plath a highly acclaimed twentieth century American poet whose writings were mostly influenced by her life experiences. Her father died shortly after her eighth birthday and her first documented attempt at suicide was in her early twenties. She was married at age twenty-three and when she discovered her husband was having an affair she left him with their two children. Her depression and the abandonment she felt as a child and as a woman is what inspires most of her works. Daddy is a majorRead MoreThe Bell Jar2368 Words   |  10 PagesResearch Paper: The Bell Jar, By: Sylvia Plath Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar is a work of fiction that spans a six month time period in the life of the protagonist and narrator, Esther Greenwood. The novel tells of Esther’s battle against her oppressive surroundings and her ever building madness, this is the central conflict throughout the narrative. After coming home from a month in New York as a guest editor for a magazine, Esther begins to have trouble with everyday activities such as reading,Read MoreAnalysis Of Sylvia Plath s Life1797 Words   |  8 PagesSylvia Plath was born in 1932 in Boston, Massachusetts. She wrote her first poem at the young age of 8  ½. that poem was displayed in The Boston Traveller. When she first began writing, she wrote about general topics, nature, and scenery, but as time went on and with more experience, her poems acclaimed more depth. Plath loved writing, and in an interview with Peter Orr, Plath once said ‘I don t think I could live without it. It s like water or bread, o r something absolutely essential to me. I findRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Mirror `` By Sylvia Plath And `` The Yellow Wallpaper ``1193 Words   |  5 Pagesart 1: In my ENGL220 class, we have been reading a different kind of literature works. Different literature stories have struck a responsive chord in readers’ hearts. Two of literature works â€Å" Mirror † by Sylvia Plath and short story â€Å" The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman both shows female’s oppressive living in patriarchal society and control by men. In the poemâ€Å" Mirror†, in the 20 century, the society influence women should care about how they look and they feelRead MoreThe Link Between Creativity and Bipolar Disorder, Annotated Bibliography854 Words   |  4 Pagesdisorder is a popular assumption. The fact that many creative people, including Van Gogh, Ernest Hemingway, Leo Tolstoy, and Sylvia Plath, suffered from some kind of mental disorders triggers that idea. Psychologists have been interested in this contingent link for decades. In this paper, after defining both terms, I examine three articles that report the results of the research concerning the potential relationship between creativity and bipolar disorder. Paulus Nijstad (2003) defined creativity

Are Leaders Made or Are Leaders Born Free Essays

The age old question. Are leaders made or are they born? My belief on this – I believe that a leader is made, not born. Why do I say that? Before going further, lets be clear on one distinction – when we say a leader is made, it does not mean that someone can be taught to become a leader by attending leadership courses. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Leaders Made or Are Leaders Born or any similar topic only for you Order Now While it helps, it is not enough. Warren Bennis (a leading leadership researcher) believes that one cannot be taught to become a leader but one can learn to become a leader over the years through life and work experiences, through mentors, personal reflection, etc. What is a leader by the way? For the purpose of this discussion, lets define it as someone with formal leadership authority in an organization. There is another form of leadership which is not about the position, but a quality, but we will not delve into that for now. Marcus Buckingham wrote a very interesting and widely informative book called â€Å"The One thing you need to know†¦ about Great Managing, Great Leading and Sustained Individual Success†. It’s a great read – I highly recommend it.In it he proposes that a leader is born, and not made because of two characteristics which are only peculiar to leaders. These 2 characteristics are innate and are part of one’s personality and therefore, one cannot learn to develop such character traits. The first trait is optimism or having an optimistic outlook, always focusing on the possibilities. With this disposition, one believes that challenges can be overcome and they can forge ahead. The second trait is what he calls ego or self-assurance. Another term that comes to mind is self-efficacy.A person with this trait has a strong belief in himself. Self-assurance is not the same as being optimistic, although you can see that being optimistic helps and reinforces one’s sense of self-belief. What is important to note about self-efficacy is the belief that one can control one’s destiny, not whether one actually can or is successful in controlling what happens. Even if he doesn’t have the answers now, he believes that he would be able to overcome the problem, by marshalling whatever resources, creativity and connections available to him. The confidence comes from within and he truly believes that come what may, regardless of what life throws at him, he is able to handle it. Are leaders born or are they made? The question is, are these 2 traits really innate and cannot be developed? Marcus Buckingham believes so but I beg to differ. I believe that we are not only highly adaptable and flexible, but have the potential to do anything if we set our minds to it. Sure, genetics play a part and you can’t change that, but what’s more important and makes the difference in our long-term success accomplishments is our mindset. The research of Dr.Carol Dweck lends strong support to this. People with a growth mindset (versus a person with a fixed mindset) believe that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work—brains and talent are just the starting point. This view creates a love of learning and a resilience that is essential for great accomplishment. Virtually all great people have had these qualities. In a fixed mindset, people believe their basic qualities, like their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed traits. They spend their time documenting their intelligence or talent instead of developing them.They also believe that talent alone creates success—without effort. Dr Dweck proved that they’re wrong. This is another book (it’s called Mindset) that I highly recommend because it truly has the power to change the way you look at yourself and others! So, what this means is that qualities like optimism and self –efficacy can be developed if one adopts a growth mindset. For example, if I’m aware that I am not optimistic enough and tend to think of the downside more often than the upside, I can learn to become more optimistic because I know doing so helps strengthen that leadership trait in me.As a side point on the topic of optimism, evidence from decades of research by Dr Martin Seligman shows that people can learn to be optimistic. The topic is examined in great depth in his bestseller â€Å"Learned Optimism† – another excellent book I would recommend as well. In summary, I would reiterate that while there are natual born leaders, leaders can indeed be â€Å"made† or developed if one adopts a growth oriented mindset. How to cite Are Leaders Made or Are Leaders Born, Papers

Charles Dickens hard times Essay Example For Students

Charles Dickens hard times Essay Charles dickens was very caring person he was a man who felt very strongly about such tings as utilitarianism and industrialisation as he lived in the time period were Britain was industrialised. He lived in London Britain from 1812 to 1870. He wrote hard times to show his views on these matters in 1854. Due to the circumstances in his life he wrote the book to show his personal experiences and help them know more about the thing he had seen. Dickens was man who cared, he was a philosopher who cared about humans and was interested in their relationships and how people were treated. Chapter 1Â  In chapter 1 of hard times we can see that Gradgrind is like the parent who is too strict, he wants to teach the children facts and nothing else. He wants to drain out the childrens imagination and replace it with hard cold facts rather like himself. Gradgrind seed the children as machines that he can program to do as he wishes, because of the kind of person he is he feels that they need nothing else in life but facts. Dickens does this to show what it was like at this time. In the novel Dickens uses the words in a linguistic way by repeating the word facts repetition of this word show that Gradgrind was only set to facts. Dickens really wants to get this point across a lot as he was trying to inform us as the readers about reality throughout his novel. He also uses literary terms to make the novel have more feeling and better descriptions such as when he says the emphasis was helped by the speakers hair which bristled on the skirts of his bald head, a plantation of firs to keep the wind from shining on its surface all covered in knobs, like the crust of a plum pie. Chapter 2Â  In chapter 2 the text starts to really show what it is about, we start to see what Gradgrind is like and what he is like at his model school around the students, we also see how Gradgrind views his students. Firstly we are introduced that Gradgrind is a man of reality! This relates to our previous knowledge of the characters as a man of fact. This is shown in an example of Gradgrind being like a cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts, and prepared to blow them clean out of the regions of childhood at one discharge. We can also see how Gradgrind detests fiction by the way he exclaims that sissy should not have flowers on a carpet which would be walked on, as she would not walk on them in reality. We then go on to see Gradgrinds modal pupil Bitzer. Bitzer is the model pupil of Gradgrinds model school. He is in the story to show how Gradgrind alters the minds of the children, in many ways Bitzer is like Gradgrind but not in physical appearance. For instance Bitzer has light colour hair and blue eyes. Another feature in chapter two is the interrogation of sissy dupe by Gradgrind, in this interrogation Gradgrind is asking sissy dupe lots of questions about horses and other things which he calls facts but are really just his opinions on the matters. Gradgrind tries to pressure, his students into having the same opinions as him. In the novel it describes Gradgrind as a bomb full of facts about to explode, this shows that he is trying to force facts into his pupils brains just like a bomb, also it shows that he is so full of facts that he cant keep them all in and he is about to explode because of all the building up of facts. Dickens shows that he is naturally interested in illustrating that fiction cannot be excluded by doing all he can in the novel to prove Gradgrind is wrong he feels that we all need facts and fiction in our life, Dickens feels that it is not normal for the equilibrium to be distorted like this. .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .postImageUrl , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:hover , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:visited , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:active { border:0!important; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:active , .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1b0be81c208c887695c1a583fb2ed96f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Advanced Theory of Poetry EssayDickens uses mono-syllabic language to help emphasise certain things one example of this is when Gradgrind says what I want is facts. Dickens uses this kind of linguistic terms to create a sense of urgency in his tone. We see that Gradgrind wants disparity to force facts into his pupils. At the point sissy dupe were interrogated Gradgrind uses certain language as to help describe Dickens opinion, such as when he says girl number 20, give me your definition of a horse this shows that Gradgrind tries to pressure sissy and this shows that Gradgrind is a fact filled strict old man. Chapter 3Â  In chapter three we learn more about Gradgrind by seeing were Gradgrind lives and about his child hood, we also learn more about his children tom and Louisa and the experiences they have and how dickens describes these things. Firstly we see that Gradgrinds home stony lodge is very much like Gradgrind it is cold, boring and emotion less in the text it also says that the windows were similar to his eye brows, like big dark caves hanging over his eye. In chapter 3 we also learn more about Gradgrinds children tom and Louisa, Gradgrind educated his children only on facts just like he does with his pupils at his model school, they were not allowed to go out and play like normal children, instead they were confined to their studies were they were told to find fascination in books and facts as playing and fun was not factual enough for Gradgrind and had no real point to it.